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Johns Hopkins Symptoms and Remedies

Johns Hopkins Medicine

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Blepharitis

What is it?

Blepharitis is an inflammation of the edges of the eyelids, resulting in a persistent, unsightly redness and scaliness. The condition tends to recur, but it is generally not serious and rarely poses any threat to vision. Blepharitis often affects both eyes at once and is common among children.

What Causes It?

  • Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrhea)—characterized by greasy, red, scaly, itchy patches of skin—may migrate from the scalp to affect the eyelids.
  • Blepharitis may be associated with rosacea or acne (See Rosacea or Acne for more information).
  • A bacterial infection can cause or complicate blepharitis due to seborrhea.
  • Lice infestation of the eyelashes can cause the condition.
  • Mascara or eye shadow may result in contact dermatitis of the eyelids (see Eczema).

Prevention

  • Avoid locations where lice might be prevalent.
  • Control seborrhea of the scalp with medicated shampoos.

Diagnosis

  • Patient history and physical examination are necessary. The doctor may culture material from an ulcer on the eyelid for bacteria.

How to Treat It

  • Apply warm-water compresses on eyelids for about 15 minutes to loosen scales. Then scrub scales away with a solution of water and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) or water and baby shampoo.
  • Your doctor may prescribe topical corticosteroid medications or antibiotics if a bacterial infection is present.
  • For lice infestation, nits will be removed with forceps. An insecticide ointment may be prescribed for daily use.

When to Call a Doctor

  • If the condition does not respond to cleansing treatments within two weeks, call your doctor.
  • Call your doctor if ulcers form on the eyelids. This suggests a bacterial infection.
  • If you notice nits, make an appointment to see your doctor right away.